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Bordeaux, inaugurated the concept of classification in 1855 under Napoleon III, synonymous with quality and prestige throughout the world. The principle of the crus classés (classed growths) perfectly illustrates the synthesis of the typical characteristics of terroir and the efforts of humans over several successive generations in the service of quality.
It should be noted that the absence of ranking does not prevent an appellation or wines from being considered as great wines, such as, for example, in Pomerol.
Universal Exhibition of Paris in 1855: Napoleon III asked each wine-growing region to establish a classification. The Bordeaux Chamber of Commerce and Industry, created in 1705, launched the project for the Gironde.
Awareness of wines and transaction prices.
- In this classification are only the red wines of the Médoc, the sweet white wines of Sauternes and Barsac and red wine of the Graves. 60 Crus from the Médoc and 1 cru Pessac-Léognan (Château Haut-Brion) according to five categories:
5 Premiers Crus (First Growths)
14 Deuxièmes Crus (Second Growths)
14 Troisièmes Crus (Third Growths)
10 Quatrièmes Crus (Fourth Growths)
18 Cinquièmes Crus (Fifth Growths)
- Sweet white side - 27 wines from the Appellations of Sauternes and Barsac:
1 Premier Cru Supérieur (Superieur First Growths)
11 Premiers Crus (First Growths)
15 Deuxièmes Crus (Second Growths)
1973, promotion de Château Mouton Rothschild du rang de 2e Grand Cru Classé au rang de 1er Grand Cru Classé.
At the request of the Union of Defense of the appellation of Graves, the National Institute of the Appellations of Origin (INAO) carried out the classification in 1953.
By municipalities and by wine-types: red or white.
Un seul niveau de classement sans hiérarchie, ce classement n’est pas sujet à révisions.
16 classed growths, all of which belong to the Pessac-Léognan AOC:
7 red crus
3 white crus
6 white or red crus
Château Haut-Brion, the only Bordeaux wine to be ranked twice. Indeed, it appears in the classification of the Graves Classed Growths and in the classification of the 1855 Grands Crus Classes
At the request of the Union of Defense of the Saint-Émilion appellation, the National Institute of Appellations of Origin (INAO) began to classify the wines of this appellation in 1954.
The decree states that the INAO must review this ranking every ten years. Since 1954, six rankings have been carried out.
The sixth and final ranking, published on 6 September 2012, was the outcome of a new procedure, entirely under the authority of the INAO, with the assistance of the Ministries of Agriculture and Consumer Affairs.
The 2012 ranking includes 82 properties: 64 Great Growth Classed Growths and 18 First Growth Classed Growths.
1932: The wine Bourgeois are listed by Bordeaux brokers under the guidance of the Bordeaux Chamber of Commerce and the Chamber of Agriculture of Gironde.
Quality and value of red wines produced in one of the eight Médoc appellations: Médoc, Haut-Médoc, Listrac, Moulis, Margaux, Saint-Julien, Pauillac and Saint-Estèphe.
Evolutionary ranking: The official selection is published each year since September 2010. September 2012, follows a new procedure, entirely under the authority of the INAO, with the assistance of the Ministries of Agriculture and Consumer Affairs.
Between 240 and 260 properties, often family-owned, are part of the Alliance of the Crus Bourgeois each year, representing more than 40% of the Médoc's production.
