Gewürztraminer and Riesling are the flagship wines of Alsace. The same territory, but with very distinct identities, where the grape varieties pay tribute to a unique terroir at the foot of the Vosges mountains. Vinatis helps you to understand these Alsace wines so you can make the best choice to suit your tastes and occasions!
Gewürztraminer originated in Italy, but both appeared in the Rhine Valley between the 15th and 16th centuries.
These two grape varieties are the pride of the Alsace vineyards: they are found nowhere else in France. If they are emblematic, it's also because they are among the most widely planted grape varieties in Alsace: they each account for 20% of the total.
While grape variety labelling is common in New World wines, it is much less common in the French appellation system. Labelling with grape variety names helps to raise the profile of Gewürztraminer and Riesling, linking them more closely to the Alsace vineyards.
Gewürztraminer is a pink variety of Savagnin, formerly known as Traminer. Research shows that Riesling is a cross between Gouais Blanc and Traminer. Common origins, then, for grape varieties that today express themselves differently depending on the terroir.
The exuberance of Gewürztraminer on the one hand and the chiselled structure of Riesling on the other: these two grape varieties have different characteristics.
Although Riesling is also produced as a Vendanges Tardives, the main aim is to reveal its finesse and purity. Late Harvest Riesling is therefore much rarer.
The Gewürztraminer grape variety is a pink variety of Savagnin blanc, found in the Jura region. Although this grape variety is often thought to be of Germanic origin, it actually comes from northern Italy. It is a variety of Traminer, which means ‘Tramin’ in reference to Termeno, a town in Alto Adige. The prefix ‘Gewurz’, which means ‘spicy’ in German, is added. Gewürztraminer makes its appearance.
A dry wine must contain less than two grams of sugar per litre. Although known as a sweet wine, Gewürztraminer can also be made dry. It is generally pale yellow or light gold in colour. Dry Gewürztraminer is very expressive, with notes of rose, quince, citrus and passion fruit.
Sweet or dry? Discover the winemaking process and food pairings of ‘Gewurtz’!
Gewürztraminer can also be made into demi-sec or sweet wines. A demi-sec wine has a sugar content of between 4 and 12g/L, while a sweet wine is between 12 and 45g/L. This wine has a floral, fruity bouquet with notes of honey and candied fruit and a golden colour.
This designation indicates that the wine comes from the finest plots and grapes in the vineyard, recognised for their exceptional terroir. The Mambourg, Marckrain, Pfersigberg and Sporen crus are the finest examples of the Gewürztraminer grape variety.
The term Vendanges Tardives means that the wine is made from grapes harvested at over-ripeness and affected by the fungus botrytis cinerea. This fungus thrives on humidity and covers the berries with a fine grey bloom, concentrating the aromas and sugar to produce complex, intense wines.
These wines have notes of candied fruit, exotic fruit, beeswax and sweet spices, with a lovely roundness. The colour is generally a deeper golden yellow, sometimes coppery.
Gewürztraminer Sélection de Grains Nobles is made from botrytised grapes harvested by hand. The driest grapes are kept to produce complex, powerful, concentrated wines with a long palate and notes of ripe fruit, flowers and dried fruit.
And many more pairings in our article on the best food and wine pairings with the Gewürztraminer grape variety!
For optimum ageing, it is important to store wines in a place with little or no temperature variation and away from light.
As sugar is a preservative in wine, sweet and luscious Gewürztraminer wines age better.
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The Riesling grape variety originated in Germany and is particularly suited to cool, moderate climates. It has good resistance to the cold and buds late. It first appeared in Alsace vineyards in the 15th century, and its name derives from ‘rieseln’, which means ‘to flow’ in German. It is known as a grape variety that accurately reflects its terroir. It thrives in Alsace, where Grands Crus such as Schlossberg, Sommerberg and Kastelberg pay tribute to it.
Alsace Riesling AOC is a dry wine with a pale yellow colour and bright green highlights. The nose opens with fruity aromas such as lemon, grapefruit, peach and pear. There are also floral aromas of white flowers and mineral aromas such as gunflint, flint or petroleum. These are generally straightforward, well-crafted wines with plenty of freshness.
This grape variety can be crossed with the Vendanges Tardives label, which means that the wine is made from botrytised grapes affected by noble rot. This type of wine is rare, as producers are more interested in the purity of this grape variety.
With this label, the Riesling is luscious wine and particularly intense and concentrated. It is also a rarer vinification.
Riesling's acidity is the key to its longevity. Under optimum conditions, it retains its freshness over time and can be aged for 10 years or more.
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